You can probably guess that “pumping water” is the answer here. But that’s only part of it. The water pump actually pumps coolant, which, admittedly, contains a lot of water. An impeller – which is basically a fan – inside the water pump gets the coolant in motion, so that it can do its job, and keep your engine chilled out.
Water pumps are located near the front of the car, and are usually powered by timing belts or chains, or drive belts. Electric-powered water pumps are starting to gain popularity as well.